The Mystery Of Mamo
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

''The Mystery of Mamo'', also known as ''The Secret of Mamo'', is a 1978 Japanese
animated Animation is a method by which still figures are manipulated to appear as moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited on film. Today, most anim ...
science fiction Science fiction (sometimes shortened to Sci-Fi or SF) is a genre of speculative fiction which typically deals with imaginative and futuristic concepts such as advanced science and technology, space exploration, time travel, parallel unive ...
adventure An adventure is an exciting experience or undertaking that is typically bold, sometimes risky. Adventures may be activities with danger such as traveling, exploring, skydiving, mountain climbing, scuba diving, river rafting, or other extreme spo ...
action comedy film Action comedy is a genre that combines aspects of action and comedy. The genre is most prevalent in film with action comedy films, though several TV series fit this genre. Film The action comedy film is a film genre that combines aspects of actio ...
; it is the first animated film of the ''
Lupin III , also written as ''Lupin the Third'', ''Lupin the 3rd'', or ''Lupin the IIIrd'', is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Monkey Punch. It follows the endeavors of master thief Arsène Lupin III, the grandson of Arsène ...
'' franchise created by
manga Manga (Japanese: 漫画 ) are comics or graphic novels originating from Japan. Most manga conform to a style developed in Japan in the late 19th century, and the form has a long prehistory in earlier Japanese art. The term ''manga'' is u ...
author
Monkey Punch , known by the pen name , was a Japanese manga artist, best known for his series ''Lupin III''. Life and career Katō was born in Hamanaka, Hokkaido; he began drawing at a very young age, but did not draw manga until junior high school, when h ...
. The film was originally released in Japan as but was later retitled to to differentiate it from other elements of the franchise. Directed by
Sōji Yoshikawa is a Japanese animator, scriptwriter, director of anime, and stage director. He has worked under the aliases , , and . Career A fan of Osamu Tezuka's works, when Yoshikawa was a sophomore in high school, he saw a " Mushi Production's first batc ...
from a screenplay by Yoshikawa and cult pink film
screenwriter A screenplay writer (also called screenwriter, scriptwriter, scribe or scenarist) is a writer who practices the craft of screenwriting, writing screenplays on which mass media, such as films, television programs and video games, are based. ...
Atsushi Yamatoya was a Japanese film director, screenwriter and actor. His son is a fellow screenwriter and race horse owner . Life and career Yamatoya was born in Horonaicho, Mikasa, Hokkaido and raised in Tokyo. He graduated from the First Department of Liter ...
, the film was produced by animation studio
Tokyo Movie Shinsha , formerly known as the , also known as or , is a Japanese animation studio established on October 22, 1946. TMS is one of the oldest and most famous anime studios in Japan, best known for numerous anime franchises such as ''Lupin the Third'', ...
and distributed by
Toho is a Japanese film, theatre production and distribution company. It has its headquarters in Chiyoda, Tokyo, and is one of the core companies of the Osaka-based Hankyu Hanshin Toho Group. Outside of Japan, it is best known as the producer an ...
. The film's plot follows master thief
Arsène Lupin III is a fictional character created by Kazuhiko Kato aka Monkey Punch as the protagonist for his manga series ''Lupin III'', which debuted in '' Weekly Manga Action'' on August 10, 1967. According to his creator, Lupin is the grandson of Maurice ...
, who attempts to foil Mamo ― a wealthy and powerful recluse seeking
immortality Immortality is the concept of eternal life. Some modern species may possess biological immortality. Some scientists, futurists, and philosophers have theorized about the immortality of the human body, with some suggesting that human immorta ...
― while trying to win the affections of his rival and would-be lover,
Fujiko Mine is a fictional character created by Monkey Punch for his manga series ''Lupin III'', which debuted in ''Weekly Manga Action'' on August 10, 1967. She is a professional criminal who regularly uses her attractiveness to fool her targets. Unlike t ...
. Since its original Japanese release, the film has been licensed to several companies for release in North America and Europe, with four different English dubs of the film being produced in that time. In 2013, North American distributor
Discotek Media Discotek Media is an American entertainment company based in Altamonte Springs, Florida, focused on distribution and licensing Japanese anime, films, and television series. Formed in 2005, Discotek primarily focuses on licensing retro titles fr ...
released the film on a DVD containing all four English dubs, as well as extensive
liner notes Liner notes (also sleeve notes or album notes) are the writings found on the sleeves of LP record albums and in booklets that come inserted into the compact disc jewel case or the equivalent packaging for cassettes. Origin Liner notes are desce ...
and essays about the film and its production. Financially successful upon release, ''The Mystery of Mamo'' has continued to polarize critics and fans of the ''Lupin'' franchise, especially in English-speaking markets. Praise for the film tends to be aimed at its originality and faithfulness to the manga, and criticism usually focuses on the execution of the
third act Third Act is the third full-length album by the Swedish/Danish band Evil Masquerade. Track listing All songs written by Henrik Flyman. Black Ravens Cry was released as a single in 2012 by Dark Minstrel Music Personnel ;Evil Masquerade *Hen ...
. The English dubs, though varying widely in terms of their production quality, interpretation of the dialogue and
voice acting Voice acting is the art of performing voice-overs to present a character or provide information to an audience. Performers are called voice actors/actresses, voice artists, dubbing artists, voice talent, voice-over artists, or voice-over talent ...
, have frequently been singled out for praise.


Plot

Inspector Zenigata , usually called and formerly Heiji Zenigata VII, is a fictional character created by Monkey Punch for his manga series ''Lupin III'', which debuted in '' Weekly Manga Action'' on August 10, 1967. He is named after the famous fictional Japanes ...
travels to
Castle Dracula Castle Dracula is the fictitious Transylvanian residence of Count Dracula, the vampire antagonist in Bram Stoker's 1897 horror novel ''Dracula''. The first and the last events of the plot take place there. The inaccessible stronghold, which init ...
in
Transylvania Transylvania ( ro, Ardeal or ; hu, Erdély; german: Siebenbürgen) is a historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border is the Carpathian Mountains, and to the west the Ap ...
to confirm the
execution Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is the State (polity), state-sanctioned practice of deliberately killing a person as a punishment for an actual or supposed crime, usually following an authorized, rule-governed process to ...
of his longtime nemesis
Arsène Lupin III is a fictional character created by Kazuhiko Kato aka Monkey Punch as the protagonist for his manga series ''Lupin III'', which debuted in '' Weekly Manga Action'' on August 10, 1967. According to his creator, Lupin is the grandson of Maurice ...
; the body he finds is a decoy that is being used by the real Lupin to flee from the castle. Zenigata travels to
Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediter ...
, believing that Lupin will raid the
Giza Necropolis The Giza pyramid complex ( ar, مجمع أهرامات الجيزة), also called the Giza necropolis, is the site on the Giza Plateau in Greater Cairo, Egypt that includes the Great Pyramid of Giza, the Pyramid of Khafre, and the Pyramid of M ...
based on prior thefts of
immortality Immortality is the concept of eternal life. Some modern species may possess biological immortality. Some scientists, futurists, and philosophers have theorized about the immortality of the human body, with some suggesting that human immorta ...
-granting objects. His prediction proves accurate, but Lupin and his colleagues
Daisuke Jigen is a fictional character created by Monkey Punch for his manga series ''Lupin III'', which debuted in ''Weekly Manga Action'' on August 10, 1967. Jigen is the marksman, aide-de-camp and best friend of Arsène Lupin III. Along with colleague Goe ...
and
Goemon Ishikawa XIII is a fictional character created by Monkey Punch for his manga series ''Lupin III'', which debuted in '' Weekly Manga Action'' on August 10, 1967. Goemon is a thirteenth generation descendant of the renegade samurai Ishikawa Goemon. He is famo ...
flee with the
Philosopher's Stone The philosopher's stone or more properly philosophers' stone (Arabic: حجر الفلاسفة, , la, lapis philosophorum), is a mythic alchemical substance capable of turning base metals such as mercury into gold (, from the Greek , "gold", a ...
. The Stone was requested by Lupin's would-be lover,
Fujiko Mine is a fictional character created by Monkey Punch for his manga series ''Lupin III'', which debuted in ''Weekly Manga Action'' on August 10, 1967. She is a professional criminal who regularly uses her attractiveness to fool her targets. Unlike t ...
, who, having agreed to obtain the Stone for a mysterious client, steals it from Lupin in
Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
. The benefactor, who calls himself Mamo, discovers that the Stone is a fake made by Lupin. In response, Lupin's gang is attacked by Mamo's forces before finding their hideout destroyed by his henchman, Flinch. Jigen and Goemon blame the hideout's destruction on Fujiko, before quarrelling between themselves; Lupin calms the others by promising to abandon his desires for Fujiko. With nowhere else to go, they travel toward the
ocean The ocean (also the sea or the world ocean) is the body of salt water that covers approximately 70.8% of the surface of Earth and contains 97% of Earth's water. An ocean can also refer to any of the large bodies of water into which the wo ...
before finding a house with food and water. A wounded Fujiko comes for Lupin, forcing him to go against his promise and causing Jigen and Goemon to abandon them. Fujiko drugs Lupin before Flinch arrives to take them to Mamo. Jigen later returns to find Flinch's plane taking off, but retrieves a clue to its destination. He and Goemon are later interrogated about Mamo by
American American(s) may refer to: * American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known as the "United States" or "America" ** Americans, citizens and nationals of the United States of America ** American ancestry, pe ...
agents, but are released when they are unable to answer their questions. During the inquiry, they decipher Fujiko's clue, leading them to Mamo's
Caribbean The Caribbean (, ) ( es, El Caribe; french: la Caraïbe; ht, Karayib; nl, De Caraïben) is a region of the Americas that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (some surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some bordering both the Caribbean Se ...
island. Mamo, a mysterious billionaire officially known as Howard Lockewood, tells Lupin that he manipulated him into stealing the Stone as a test, as he is considering granting him and Fujiko immortality in admiration of his skills and her beauty. Lupin, however, is more interested in the Stone, and searches Mamo's island for it. After retrieving the Stone, he and Fujiko are chased by Mamo's henchmen until they stumble across Mamo's lair. Mamo deems Lupin unworthy of eternal life and attempts to visualize his perverted nature to Fujiko, but she refuses to abandon him. The
USAF The United States Air Force (USAF) is the air service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Originally created on 1 August 1907, as a part of the United States Army Sign ...
attacks the base, having tracked Jigen and Goemon to the island. Jigen rescues Lupin and Fujiko and seemingly kills Mamo in a shootout, while Goemon duels with Flinch. The altercation damages Goemon's sword, the ''Zantetsuken'', causing him to leave for training purposes. Zenigata tries to catch the gang, who escape the island with the unconscious Lupin, but fails. He is found by the ICPO chief, who had traveled to Colombia to tell him that he's off the Lupin case and that the situation is bigger than either of them can handle. Zenigata responds by resigning and chasing Lupin as a private citizen. Lupin, Fujiko and Jigen travel to
Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...
, where Lupin theorizes that Mamo may have gained eternal life by continuously
cloning Cloning is the process of producing individual organisms with identical or virtually identical DNA, either by natural or artificial means. In nature, some organisms produce clones through asexual reproduction. In the field of biotechnology, cl ...
himself. They are thrust into a vision by Mamo, who reveals that his cloning technique has kept him alive for ten thousand years, and that he is responsible for virtually every major event in
human history Human history, also called world history, is the narrative of humanity's past. It is understood and studied through anthropology, archaeology, genetics, and linguistics. Since the invention of writing, human history has been studied throug ...
. Mamo also explains that he cloned Lupin. He then appears in person to reclaim Fujiko, and a distraught Lupin challenges him to perform a
miracle A miracle is an event that is inexplicable by natural or scientific lawsOne dictionary define"Miracle"as: "A surprising and welcome event that is not explicable by natural or scientific laws and is therefore considered to be the work of a divin ...
. Mamo responds by setting off an
earthquake An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can range in intensity, from ...
through the destruction of a
nuclear power station A nuclear power plant (NPP) is a thermal power station in which the heat source is a nuclear reactor. As is typical of thermal power stations, heat is used to generate steam that drives a steam turbine connected to a generator that produces ele ...
. Inside a temple, Mamo explains to Fujiko that his cloning technique has never been perfected, and that he has degenerated from his original form as a result. He decides that he and Fujiko must repopulate the Earth, and convinces her to push a button to launch
nuclear missiles Nuclear weapons delivery is the technology and systems used to place a nuclear weapon at the position of detonation, on or near its target. Several methods have been developed to carry out this task. ''Strategic'' nuclear weapons are used primari ...
to achieve this end. Lupin arrives, and reveals that he rigged the missiles to explode before they could launch. Frustrated, Mamo takes Fujiko with him to a
launching pad A launch pad is an above-ground facility from which a rocket-powered missile or space vehicle is vertically launched. The term ''launch pad'' can be used to describe just the central launch platform (mobile launcher platform), or the entire ...
and fends Lupin off with lasers. Lupin uses the tip of Goemon's sword (given to him by Jigen earlier) to deflect the lasers, incinerating Mamo. A rocketship emerges, containing a giant brain that reveals itself to be the original Mamo. Lupin realizes that Mamo had controlled his clones resembling his body just as the rocket launches into space. Lupin and Fujiko escape the rocket's trajectory, but not before Lupin plants an explosive on it. The glass shatters, and Mamo's brain drifts toward the
sun The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is a nearly perfect ball of hot plasma, heated to incandescence by nuclear fusion reactions in its core. The Sun radiates this energy mainly as light, ultraviolet, and infrared radi ...
. Lupin finds Fujiko in the rubble, where he is captured by Zenigata. Fujiko offers to help Lupin, but the Americans launch a missile attack on Mamo's base. Fujiko is rescued by Jigen, Goemon is on top of a mountain only to say his final words while Lupin and Zenigata, anklecuffed together, escape on foot.


Cast


Notes

# Uncredited


Production

''The Mystery of Mamo'' was produced while the second ''Lupin III'' television series was being broadcast, and was created with the intention of making a film that was aesthetically and thematically faithful to
Monkey Punch , known by the pen name , was a Japanese manga artist, best known for his series ''Lupin III''. Life and career Katō was born in Hamanaka, Hokkaido; he began drawing at a very young age, but did not draw manga until junior high school, when h ...
's original manga, as
censorship Censorship is the suppression of speech, public communication, or other information. This may be done on the basis that such material is considered objectionable, harmful, sensitive, or "inconvenient". Censorship can be conducted by governments ...
standards of the time prevented such content being reproduced for TV animation. Due to an increased popularity of the first series, staff who had worked on that series were assembled to make the film.
Yasuo Otsuka Yasuo is a masculine Japanese given name. Possible writings Yasuo can be written using many different combinations of kanji characters. Here are some examples: *安雄, "tranquil, male" *安男, "tranquil, man" *安夫, "tranquil, husband" *安 ...
, who was animation director and character designer on that series, supervised the film's production.
Sōji Yoshikawa is a Japanese animator, scriptwriter, director of anime, and stage director. He has worked under the aliases , , and . Career A fan of Osamu Tezuka's works, when Yoshikawa was a sophomore in high school, he saw a " Mushi Production's first batc ...
, who storyboarded the first and last episodes of the first series, acted as director and co-writer of the screenplay.
Atsushi Yamatoya was a Japanese film director, screenwriter and actor. His son is a fellow screenwriter and race horse owner . Life and career Yamatoya was born in Horonaicho, Mikasa, Hokkaido and raised in Tokyo. He graduated from the First Department of Liter ...
, a writer and director of pink films who had written two episodes of the first series (and later the third animated ''Lupin'' film, ''
Legend of the Gold of Babylon is a 1985 Japanese animated film co-directed by Seijun Suzuki and Shigetsugu Yoshida. It is the third feature film based on Monkey Punch's popular ''Lupin III'' manga. It was released on subtitled VHS and LaserDisc in North America by AnimEigo in ...
''), also contributed to the script. Yuzo Aoki, a key animator for episodes 11 and 23 of the first series, was responsible for the angular, Monkey Punch-esque character designs seen in the film (he would later become noted for such work on ''Lupin III Part III'' and ''Legend of the Gold of Babylon'').
Tsutomu Shibayama is a Japanese anime director of film and television. He is known for directing the 1980 and 2006 ''Doraemon'' series. He was born in Asakusa, Taitō, Tokyo. In 2012 he won Agency for Cultural Affair Award.1969 ''Pilot Film'' that had preceded the original series, was responsible for the layout. A relative newcomer in the film's production team was composer
Yuji Ohno is a Japanese jazz musician. Ohno is known for his musical scoring of Japanese anime television series, particularly ''Lupin III'', and most famously the 1977 series '' Lupin III Part II'' and the feature film ''The Castle of Cagliostro''. Ea ...
, who had provided the score for the second series. The main cast of the second series also resprised their roles for the film. ''Mamo'' was
Tokyo Movie Shinsha , formerly known as the , also known as or , is a Japanese animation studio established on October 22, 1946. TMS is one of the oldest and most famous anime studios in Japan, best known for numerous anime franchises such as ''Lupin the Third'', ...
's first full-length feature production. The movie was given a budget of 500 million yen, comparable to major live action films at the time and unheard of for an animated production. Production lasted for 15 months and involved 1,315 members of staff. The storyboard was 575 pages. 62,000 cel sheets were used in the animation, compared to 5,000 cels used in an average half-hour TV animation. Oversized cels were used and filmed in a modified
VistaVision VistaVision is a higher resolution, widescreen variant of the 35 mm motion picture film format which was created by engineers at Paramount Pictures in 1954. Paramount never used anamorphic processes such as 2.55: 1, CinemaScope but refi ...
process known as "Anime Vision", which allowed for a brighter and sharper picture for projection in theaters compared to a TV production. 18,000 reference images were used for background and mechanical research, and 196 individual character drawings were created. Mamo's name is taken from the villain Kyousuke Mamo who had appeared in the manga and first TV series. His physical design was inspired by Swan, Paul Williams' character in the 1974 musical horror film ''
Phantom of the Paradise ''Phantom of the Paradise'' is a 1974 American rock musical comedy horror film written and directed by Brian De Palma and scored by and starring Paul Williams. In the film, a naïve young singer-songwriter (played by William Finley) is tricked ...
'', and represents a monster who is both a boy and an old man at the same time. Similarly, the characters of Special Presidential Aide Stuckey and Special Agent Gordon are parodies of
Henry Kissinger Henry Alfred Kissinger (; ; born Heinz Alfred Kissinger, May 27, 1923) is a German-born American politician, diplomat, and geopolitical consultant who served as United States Secretary of State and National Security Advisor under the presid ...
and
G. Gordon Liddy George Gordon Battle Liddy (November 30, 1930 – March 30, 2021) was an American lawyer, FBI agent, talk show host, actor, and convicted felon in the Watergate scandal as the chief operative in the White House Plumbers unit during the Nixon admi ...
respectively.


Release

''The Mystery of Mamo'' was originally released in Japan on December 16, 1978 as ''Lupin III''. The film was a financial success, earning 950 million yen and making it the ninth-highest grossing Japanese film of the 1979 film season. Footage from the film, along with scenes from ''
The Castle of Cagliostro is a 1979 Japanese animated action-adventure comedy film co-written and directed by Hayao Miyazaki, with animation produced by Tokyo Movie Shinsha (TMS). It is the second feature film featuring Monkey Punch's master thief Arsène Lupin III, f ...
'', was used
Stern Electronics Stern is the name of two different but related arcade gaming companies. Stern Electronics, Inc. manufactured arcade video games and pinball machines from 1977 until 1985, and was best known for '' Berzerk''. Stern Pinball, Inc., founded in 1999 ...
(under license from TMS) to make the ''
Dragon's Lair ''Dragon's Lair'' is a video game franchise created by Rick Dyer and Don Bluth. The series is famous for its Western animation-style graphics and complex decades-long history of being ported to many platforms and being remade into television a ...
''-style
laserdisc video game An interactive film is a video game or other interactive media that has characteristics of a cinematic film. In the video game industry, the term refers to a movie game, a video game that presents its gameplay in a cinematic, scripted manner, ...
''
Cliff Hanger A cliffhanger or cliffhanger ending is a plot device in fiction which features a main character in a precarious or difficult dilemma or confronted with a shocking revelation at the end of an episode or a film of serialized fiction. A cliffhange ...
''. By the mid-1980s, TMS re-titled the film in Japan as ''Lupin III: Lupin vs. the Clone'', while English-speaking fans had begun referring to the film as ''The Mystery of Mamo'', to distinguish it from the two TV series and ''The Castle of Cagliostro''. A TV broadcast of the film on March 28, 2014 on
NTV NTV may refer to: Television * NTV (Bangladesh), a Bengali-language satellite television channel in Bangladesh * NTV (India), Telugu regional channel * NTV (Kenya) * NTV (Mongolia), a television channel based in Mongolia * NTV (Newport Televis ...
attained an audience share of 11.2% in the
Kantō region The is a geographical area of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. In a common definition, the region includes the Greater Tokyo Area and encompasses seven prefectures: Gunma, Tochigi, Ibaraki, Saitama, Tokyo, Chiba and Kanagawa. Slight ...
of Japan. It was the second highest share for a movie broadcast during that week. To commemorate the 50th anniversary of the ''Lupin III'' franchise, ''The Mystery of Mamo'' received a limited theatrical re-release in Japan on September 1, 2017, utilizing a newly remastered print in
4K resolution 4K resolution refers to a horizontal display resolution of approximately 4,000 pixels. Digital television and digital cinematography commonly use several different 4K resolutions. In television and consumer media, 38402160 (4K Ultra-high-definitio ...
, a 5.1 surround sound mix and 4D effects.


English releases

The original English-dubbed version of the film was produced by
Frontier Enterprises was a Tokyo-based company dedicated to the dubbing of Japanese films and media for the English language. Frontier did jobs for Toho International, Toei Animation and Shochiku Company, dubbing their films into English for export. Along with ...
in 1979 at the commission of distributor
Toho is a Japanese film, theatre production and distribution company. It has its headquarters in Chiyoda, Tokyo, and is one of the core companies of the Osaka-based Hankyu Hanshin Toho Group. Outside of Japan, it is best known as the producer an ...
. Sharing the same ''Lupin III'' title as the Japanese release, it was made for
JAL JAL or Jal may refer to: Entertainment * Jal (band), a Pakistani pop/rock band * ''Jal'' (film), a 2014 Hindi film * Jal Fazer, a character in the British TV series ''Skins'' * "Jal", an episode of the British TV series ''Skins'' Places * Jal, ...
flights and could also be booked at theaters from the Los Angeles branch of Toho, but did not receive a home media release of its own in English-speaking countries. The full voice cast of this version remains unverified due to there being no credits for cast on any known prints. Identified cast members include Tom Clark as Lupin,
Cliff Harrington Clifford Harrington (June 18, 1932 – August 9, 2013) was a Tokyo-based American voice actor who primarily did dubbing work for Frontier Enterprises. Biography Born in Seattle, Washington on June 18, 1932, military life eventually brought Ha ...
as Jigen, Patricia Kobayashi as Fujiko, Frontier Enterprises owner William Ross as Goemon, and Greg Starr as Zenigata. It was once speculated that actors from the English adaptation of ''
Speed Racer ''Speed Racer'', also known as , is a Japanese media franchise about Auto racing, automobile racing. ''Mach GoGoGo'' was originally serialized in print in Shueisha's 1966 ''Shōnen Book''. It was released in tankōbon book form by Sun W ...
'' by
Titra Studios Titra Studios aka Titan Productions is an American dubbing studio. The studio was responsible for dubbing numerous foreign films, including '' Mothra vs. Godzilla'' 1964 as well as the ''Speed Racer'' cartoon series (produced in Japan) and th ...
were involved in this dub, but their involvement in its production has since been deemed impossible. Although largely faithful to the original Japanese script, most of the names of the main characters were changed to Western-sounding alternatives. Whereas other early English dubs changed Lupin's name to avoid possible legal disputes with the estate of
Maurice Leblanc Maurice Marie Émile Leblanc (; ; 11 December 1864 – 6 November 1941) was a French novelist and writer of short stories, known primarily as the creator of the fictional gentleman thief and detective Arsène Lupin, often described as a French c ...
(the creator of the original
Arsène Lupin Arsène Lupin (French pronunciation: ʁsɛn lypɛ̃ is a fictional gentleman thief and master of disguise created in 1905 by French writer Maurice Leblanc. The character was first introduced in a series of short stories serialized in the magazi ...
), however, his name was used in this dub. Anime historian Carl Horn provided Yasuo Otsuka with a VHS copy of the dub in 1987 because Otsuka was previously unaware of it. The first widely distributed English dub was produced by
Streamline Pictures Streamline Pictures was an American media company that was best known for its distribution of English-dubbed Japanese animation. History Founding Founded in Los Angeles, California, in late 1988, Streamline Pictures was one of the first No ...
and released in North America by Orion Home Video on VHS in 1995 under ''The Mystery of Mamo''. It was Streamline's third and final ''Lupin'' dub, following ''
The Castle of Cagliostro is a 1979 Japanese animated action-adventure comedy film co-written and directed by Hayao Miyazaki, with animation produced by Tokyo Movie Shinsha (TMS). It is the second feature film featuring Monkey Punch's master thief Arsène Lupin III, f ...
'' and ''Lupin III's Greatest Capers'' (episodes 145 and 155 of ''
Lupin the Third Part II ''Lupin the 3rd Part II'' is a Japanese anime television series produced by TMS Entertainment. Part of the ''Lupin III'' franchise, it is the second anime television adaptation of the ''Lupin III'' manga series created by Monkey Punch. Altho ...
''). The dub was also the first and only from Streamline to refer to Lupin by his proper name full-time because of the Leblanc estate's copyright, which caused the prior dubs to rename him "Wolf" (albeit inconsistently giving his name as Lupin at least once in each dub, and with more regularity in one case). Directed by Streamline co-founder
Carl Macek Carl Frank Macek (September 21, 1951 – April 17, 2010) was an American screenwriter, script editor, producer and voice actor on numerous English language adaptations of anime during the 1980s and 1990s. His work is considered by many to hav ...
, the adaptation was written by
Ardwight Chamberlain Ardwight Chamberlain (sometimes credited as R.D. Chamberlain or R. Dwight; born February 16, 1957) is an American voice actor and screen writer currently living in Los Angeles, California. He is best known as the voice of Vorlon Ambassador Kosh ...
, who based his script off the Toho dub, but made various alterations to the original dialogue.
Bob Bergen Robert Bergen (born March 8, 1964) is an American voice actor. He voices Warner Bros. cartoon characters Porky Pig and Tweety and has voiced characters in the English dubs of various anime. He formerly hosted the children's game show '' Jep!'', ...
, Steve Bulen,
Edie Mirman Edie Mirman is an American voice actress. She's best known as the voice of Gatomon and Angewomon in the ''Digimon'' series. She revoiced hundreds of episodes of series work in the United States and abroad. Also for many animated characters inc ...
, and
David Povall David Povall (born June 21, 1947 in San Antonio, Texas) is an American actor. After acting in many Mexican and American films, known as David Estuardo, he also works as a voice actor. Filmography Live-action *'' The Arrival'' - Additional voi ...
reprised their roles as Lupin, Jigen, Fujiko, and Zenigata, while an uncredited Chamberlain replaced Steve Kramer as Goemon. According to anime historian and Streamline co-founder
Fred Patten Frederick Walter Patten (December 11, 1940 – November 12, 2018) was an American writer and historian known for his work in the science fiction, fantasy, anime, manga, and furry fandoms, where he gained great distinction through a substantial c ...
, the dub was created after copyright issues with TMS prevented Macek from releasing the film with the Toho dub. The dub was later released to a
Region 0 DVD region codes are a digital rights management technique introduced in 1997. It is designed to allow rights holders to control the international distribution of a DVD-Video, DVD release, including its content, release date, and price, all acc ...
DVD by
Image Entertainment RLJ Entertainment (formerly Image Entertainment) is an American film production company and home video distributor, distributing film and television productions in North America, with approximately 3,200 exclusive DVD titles and approximately 340 ...
in 1998. While the eponymous villain's name was meant to be spelled "Mamaux" in English, the Streamline release popularized the "Mamo" spelling. In the United Kingdom, the UK branch of Manga Video released an English dub in 1996 to VHS as ''Secret of Mamo''. It was one of two ''Lupin III'' dubs released that year by Manga's UK branch, who also distributed a VHS dub of the television special '' Goodbye Lady Liberty''. The third dub was adapted and directed by actor-director
George Roubicek George Roubicek (born 25 May 1935) is an Austrian actor, and a dialogue director and script adaptor for English-language versions of foreign films and television shows. Born in Austria, Roubicek appeared in a number of small roles throughout the ...
from a script based on the Toho dub and utilized the same television special cast of
William Dufris William Duffy (February 1, 1958 – March 24, 2020) known professionally as William Dufris or Bill Dufris, was an American voice actor and audiobook narrator. Career Dufris began his audio career in London, where he appeared in several BBC Rad ...
as Lupin, Eric Meyers as Jigen,
Toni Barry Toni Barry (born June 26, 1961) is a British voice actress. She is also known to fans of the television show ''Press Gang'' as Spike's American girlfriend Zoe. Selected filmography *''Project A-ko'' - Asa *'' Dangaioh'' - Dira (uncredited) *'' ...
as Fujiko,
Garrick Hagon Garrick Hagon (; born September 27, 1939) is a British-Canadian actor in film, stage, television and radio, known for his role as Biggs Darklighter in '' Star Wars: A New Hope''. His many films include ''Batman'', ''Spy Game'', ''Me and Orson ...
as Goemon, and Sean Barret as Zenigata. As with the earlier Streamline dubs and Manga's dub of ''Goodbye Lady Liberty'', Lupin's name was changed to "Wolf III" in this version to avoid potential copyright infringement. The fourth and final English dub was produced by
Phuuz Entertainment phuuz entertainment is a company based in Universal City, California that develops content for various forms of media, including television, theaters, the internet, mobile devices, and video games. The president of the company is former Warne ...
and released to DVD in North America by
Pioneer Entertainment (abbreviated as NBCUEJ) is a Japanese music, anime, and home entertainment production and distribution enterprise headquartered in Akasaka, Minato, Tokyo. It is primarily involved in the production and distribution of anime within Japan. The ...
in 2003. Sharing the ''Secret of Mamo'' title from Manga's release, the DVD used an
anamorphic Anamorphic format is the cinematography technique of shooting a widescreen picture on standard 35 mm film or other visual recording media with a non-widescreen native aspect ratio. It also refers to the projection format in which a distorted ...
print from the Japanese DVD that was modified to remove unlicensed usages of corporate logos and a magazine image depicting Lupin with the
Justice League The Justice League (also known as The Justice League of America) are a team of superheroes appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The team first appeared in ''The Brave and the Bold'' #28 (March 1960). The team was conceived ...
. This dub used the cast of
Tony Oliver Tony Oliver is an American voice actor best known for voicing Rick Hunter from ''Robotech'', Lancer from ''Fate/stay night'', and Arsène Lupin III from ''Lupin the Third''. He helped produce the live action shows ''Mighty Morphin Power Rangers ...
as Lupin,
Richard Epcar Richard Epcar is an American voice actor, voice director, and writer who has voiced over 1,200 characters in animation, video games and anime. Some of his major roles include Raiden in the '' Mortal Kombat'' franchise, The Joker in several proj ...
as Jigen,
Michelle Ruff Michelle Ruff is an American voice actress known for her work in anime and video games. In her early voice acting career, she used her mother's name, Georgette Rose, as a pseudonym. Some of her roles include Fujiko Mine in ''Lupin the Third'', C ...
as Fujiko,
Lex Lang Lex Lang (born November 12, 1965) is an American voice actor and voice director, who has provided voices and served as a director for a number of animations and video games. He is best known for voicing Doctor Neo Cortex in the ''Crash Bandicoo ...
as Goemon, and
Dan Lorge Dan Lorge is an American voice actor. He currently teaches acting at Take 2 Performers Studio in Reno, Nevada. Selected filmography Anime * '' Lupin the 3rd Part II'' (1977–1980) – Inspector Koichi Zenigata * ''Fist of the North St ...
as Zenigata, who were also dubbing ''Lupin the Third Part II'' with Phuuz at the time. As with Pioneer's dub of the series, it attracted a moderate amount of criticism; while the voice acting was well-received, the script received a mixed reaction from critics and fans for its departures from the Japanese dialogue. The dub also appeared on an Australian DVD release from
Madman Entertainment Madman Entertainment Pty. Ltd., also known as Madman Films, is an Australian distribution and rights management company headquartered in East Melbourne, Victoria, specialising in feature films, documentaries and television series across theatr ...
in 2006 and the
Hulu Hulu () is an American subscription streaming service majority-owned by The Walt Disney Company, with Comcast's NBCUniversal holding a minority stake. It was launched on October 29, 2007 and it offers a library of films and television serie ...
video streaming service in 2012. All four English dubs were featured on a new DVD released in 2013 by
Discotek Media Discotek Media is an American entertainment company based in Altamonte Springs, Florida, focused on distribution and licensing Japanese anime, films, and television series. Formed in 2005, Discotek primarily focuses on licensing retro titles fr ...
, who utilized an uncut Japanese print. Discotek's release also includes the original Japanese audio, along with an isolated score track, as well as several essays and liner notes on the film. The Toho dub was extensively restored and reconstructed from an edited version of the dub on a previous Italian DVD release, as well as copies of the dub provided by fans.Nelson, R. 2012. Discotek re-released the film on Blu-ray in 2022 with further restorations of the Toho and Manga dubs and other features, including credits created by Discotek for the Toho dub.


Reception

''Manga Mania'' reviewer Peter Lyle described the film as "a convoluted tale that plays like the adventures of
James Bond The ''James Bond'' series focuses on a fictional British Secret Service agent created in 1953 by writer Ian Fleming, who featured him in twelve novels and two short-story collections. Since Fleming's death in 1964, eight other authors have ...
,
Don Juan Don Juan (), also known as Don Giovanni (Italian), is a legendary, fictional Spanish libertine who devotes his life to seducing women. Famous versions of the story include a 17th-century play, '' El burlador de Sevilla y convidado de piedra'' ...
and
Charlie Chaplin Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin Jr. (16 April 188925 December 1977) was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame in the era of silent film. He became a worldwide icon through his screen persona, the Tramp, and is consider ...
all rolled into one" with "plenty of wry humour and slapstick". Lyle additionally praised the animated effects and supporting characters. In summary he felt that ''Mamo'' was "a healthy dose of fun". In his review for ''Mania.com'', Chris Beverdige enjoyed the movie despite having previously disliked it on a previous viewing several years before. He attributes this to being more familiar with the characters through other entries in the ''Lupin III'' franchise. However, he criticised the final third of the movie for its science fiction elements, which he felt were inferior to the action and character-driven elements of the first two thirds. This criticism was shared in another review for ''Mania.com'' by John Erini, except that he believed that the film became unwatchable due to the development of the Mamo character. Rob Lineberger, writing for ''
DVD Verdict DVD Verdict was a judicial-themed website for DVD reviews. The site was founded in 1999. The editor-in-chief was Michael Stailey, who owned the website between 2004 and 2016, and the site employed a large editorial staff of critics, whose reviews ...
'', also agrees with the criticism of the final third, and despite repeated viewings, felt no closer to understanding the events. Additionally, he criticised the "lack of cohesion" and "unbroken string of
jump cut A jump cut is a cut (transition), cut in film editing in which a single continuous sequential shot of a subject is broken into two parts, with a piece of footage being removed in order to render the effect of jumping forward in time. Camera posit ...
s and
deux ex machina ''Deus ex machina'' ( , ; plural: ''dei ex machina''; English "god out of the machine") is a plot device whereby a seemingly unsolvable problem in a story is suddenly and abruptly resolved by an unexpected and unlikely occurrence. Its function ...
s" throughout the film. Reflecting on the positives of the film, Lineberger highlights the characters of Jigen, Goemon and Fujiko as being more interesting than either Lupin or Mamo. He also credits the movie for tackling interesting concepts such as
cloning Cloning is the process of producing individual organisms with identical or virtually identical DNA, either by natural or artificial means. In nature, some organisms produce clones through asexual reproduction. In the field of biotechnology, cl ...
,
personal identity Personal identity is the unique numerical identity of a person over time. Discussions regarding personal identity typically aim to determine the necessary and sufficient conditions under which a person at one time and a person at another time can ...
,
love Love encompasses a range of strong and positive emotional and mental states, from the most sublime virtue or good habit, the deepest Interpersonal relationship, interpersonal affection, to the simplest pleasure. An example of this range of ...
and
honour Honour (British English) or honor (American English; American and British English spelling differences#-our, -or, see spelling differences) is the idea of a bond between an individual and a society as a quality of a person that is both of socia ...
, despite the way they are presented. In summary, he suggests that ''Lupin'' fans will find a more ambitious story in this film than the television episodes if they can accept some flaws. He recommends people who are not ''Lupin'' fans to watch ''The Castle of Cagliostro'' instead. Darius Washington of ''The Fandom Post'' reviewed the Discotek edition of ''Mamo''. He described the structure of the film's story as "haphazard" and "a bit hard to get into", while praising the collection of "educational" extras and different English dubs on Discotek's release. In conclusion, Washington felt that "the film itself is decent", but is more suited for learning about anime history than for entertainment value. He gave the film content a "B" rating and the extras an "A+" rating. ''Lupin'' expert Reed Nelson, in writing a feature titled ''Lupin the Third: The Complete Guide to Films, TV Specials and OVAs'' for
Anime News Network Anime News Network (ANN) is a news website that reports on the status of anime, manga, video games, Japanese popular music and other related cultures within North America, Australia, Southeast Asia and Japan. The website offers reviews and oth ...
(ANN), placed ''Mamo'' in the "Maybe" category of the franchise's media that he considered was worth viewing. Praising Discotek Media's "fancy" DVD release, he described the film as "often held up as ''the'' example of how to write a ''Lupin'' story - it has unfolding drama within the core cast, a truly threatening villain, and an unusual dedication to mature storytelling. Note that its gangly character designs and false endings may be kind of a turn-off for modern audiences". In an essay included with Discotek Media's release, ANN contributor Mike Toole highly praised ''The Mystery of Mamo'' in virtually every aspect, describing the film as "the absolute essence of ''Lupin III''". Toole particularly lauded Sōji Yoshikawa's direction (likening the director's affinity for bizarre images and situations to the works of
Werner Herzog Werner Herzog (; born 5 September 1942) is a German film director, screenwriter, author, actor, and opera director, regarded as a pioneer of New German Cinema. His films often feature ambitious protagonists with impossible dreams, people with un ...
), as well as the film's cartoonish but detailed animation and design work, characterization and humour. He also gave praise to all four English language tracks of the film, particularly the Toho dub, and noted the film's relevance to real-world events of the time (including the
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because the ...
, the
Watergate Scandal The Watergate scandal was a major political scandal in the United States involving the administration of President Richard Nixon from 1972 to 1974 that led to Nixon's resignation. The scandal stemmed from the Nixon administration's continual ...
, the publication of
David Rorvik David Michael Rorvik (born 1944) is an American journalist and novelist who was the author of the 1978 book ''In his Image: The Cloning of a Man'' in which he claimed to have been part of a successful endeavor to create a clone of a human being. T ...
's novel ''In his Image: The Cloning of a Man'' and the birth of
Louise Brown Louise Joy Brown (born 25 July 1978) is an English woman who was the first human to have been born after conception by ''in vitro'' fertilisation experiment (IVF). Her birth, following a procedure pioneered in Britain, has been lauded among "t ...
). Toole concludes his essay by stating that " re than 30 years after its debut, 'The Mystery of Mamo'' with its heady mix of globe-trotting action, raciness, wild comedy, and hot jazz-funk music, is the original ''Lupin'', the real deal. Accept no substitutes - even if they're clones! As the international trailer for this anime classic proclaims: Lupin III can do anything!"


Notes


References


External links

*
LEP Lupin European PageLupin III Encyclopedia
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Mystery of Mamo 1978 films 1978 anime films 1970s adventure comedy films 1970s heist films 1970s science fiction films Adventure anime and manga Animated adventure films Comedy anime and manga Discotek Media Films directed by Sōji Yoshikawa Films set in the Caribbean Films set in Colombia Films set in Egypt Films set in Madrid Animated films set in Paris Japanese adventure films Lupin the Third anime films Science fiction anime and manga TMS Entertainment 1978 comedy films Films dubbed by Frontier Enterprises Films scored by Yuji Ohno